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Blood in the stomach: what to do in such a difficult situation?

Кровь Bleeding in the stomach or gastroduodenal bleeding is a condition in which blood enters the lumen of the stomach. Today this problem is actual for urgent surgery. The fast pace of life, poor nutrition, emotional stress, intake of inflammatory drugs inconsistent with the physician, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, the usual vomiting are all causes of the occurrence of such a phenomenon. The lack of emergency medical care can lead to serious consequences including death of the patient. In older people bleeding are more frequent.

The most frequent causes of gastroduodenal bleeding

Artery, the task of which is the blood supply of the stomach, pass on his right and left. From the main arteries depart multiple small arteries. Venous plexus located in the zone of transition of esophagus into the stomach. Some pathologies result in expansion and damage to the veins, which in turn contributes to hemorrhaging. It happens in cases when the affected part is large vessels or capillaries.

This is facilitated by all kinds of disease and damage:

  • Ulcer of stomach and duodenum;
  • Erosion the mucous membrane of the body;
  • Ulcer formation, resulting from damage and accidents;
  • Ulcers that are formed as a result of taking certain drugs;
  • Damage to the mucosa on the background of frequent vomiting;
  • Inflammatory pathology of the intestine;
  • Inflammation of hemorrhoids;
  • Cracks in the rectum;
  • Tumors in the digestive tract;
  • Violation of the structure of blood vessel walls;
  • Problems with blood clotting;
  • Injury tract: foreign body in the body etc.;
  • Disease of an infectious nature.

Classification and types

The location are bleeding upper and lower GI tract. Also separate the acute and chronic forms of this process. Duration klassificeret are rare, occurring occasionally; recurrent, recurring periodically; and chronic, which is observed regularly. Based on their nature of clinical manifestations, there are implicit and explicit.

It is very difficult to recognize the hidden type of this phenomenon. For this purpose carried out laboratory testing of stool, and gastric contents. If bleeding in the upper part of the esophagus can be identified by the bloody mass in the vomit, in all other cases, the patient occurs only with severe anemia.

What are the symptoms?

Clinical manifestations bleeding in the stomach depend on their causes. The symptoms are common and obvious.

Common symptoms:

  • Fatigue, weakness, untilloss of consciousness, dizziness;
  • Blurred vision, loss of sharpness;
  • In the ears noise occurs;
  • Frequent shortness of breath;
  • Pallor of the skin;
  • The selection of cold sweat;
  • Low pressure;
  • Rapid pulse.

Obvious clinical signs of:

  • The allocation of scarlet blood along CJ vomiting in patients with lesions of the esophagus;
  • If stomach, blood is coffee color;
  • In the result of arterial hemorrhage, the blood is unchanged in color;
  • Coffee grounds blood reminiscent of at defeat of the small intestine and colon;
  • If the blood in the stomach in large quantity, there is a chair intense red color;
  • If the process occurs in the lower part of the gastrointestinal tract, the stool is bloody.

The more abundant internal bleeding in your stomach, the more manifest symptoms. In the case of severe blood loss, the health of the patient can greatly worsen. All clinical signs are growing very quickly.

Diagnostic measures

Процедура ФГС

  • Medical history and patient complaints;
  • Takes into account genetic predisposition, previous diseases, habits;
  • Inspection of the rectum;
  • Analysis of the occult blood in the feces;
  • A study showing the speed of blood clotting;
  • Analysis on platelets;
  • Fibroesophagogastroduodenoscopy. This survey is conducted under the supervision of a physician and involves the introduction of an endoscope into the oral cavity;
  • Colonoscopy. Shows if the factor of bleeding is the rectum. Can also serve as therapeutic measure to stop the bleeding.

What to do and how to help the patient?

It is very important to provide first aid to the patient. It depends on the process intensity, severity, and overall health of the patient. Without the help of doctors in this situation do not. You need to call the ambulance, but before arrival of doctors it is impossible to do nothing, you certainly won't be able to stop the bleeding, but the first aid. The doctor usually asks the patient to undress to the waist and examines his skin, taking care to make palpation of the abdomen. If something is not clear you can ask the doctor on our website via the contact form

If you experience bleeding in the digestive tract, you should:

  • Provide the victim in bed;
  • You can't give people food, water, medicines before the arrival of specialists. Clogged stomach much complicate the diagnostic process;
  • Apply ice to the abdomen;
  • To provide fresh air in the room;
  • Not to leave the patient;
  • To pack for hospital admission.

If the internal gastric bleeding occurred in a young child, events are a bit different. You need to installthe reasons for this phenomenon that often occurs as a result of various injuries. It is necessary, first and foremost, ensure the horizontal position of the baby.

What questions can ask an expert?

In the process of examination of the patient, the doctor determines the presence and intensity of the process, make sure that the bleeding is indeed from the stomach. Questions asked by qualified doctors, the following:

  • What ails you at the moment?
  • How long had unpleasant symptoms?
  • Have you had in the past signs like these?
  • Do you have gastrointestinal pathology? If Yes, then how long and what treatment was performed?
  • Do you experience vomiting, belching, flatulence, heartburn?
  • Was carried out surgery of the gastrointestinal tract? If Yes, when?;
  • You abuse alcohol?
  • Suffer from liver diseases?
  • Happen you have nosebleeds?

All the above issues are relevant and be sure to ask the patient during the examination to establish the cause of the bleeding and take the proper measures on further treatment.

Which doctor to turn to for help?

In chronic process, the patient may not know of the presence of this condition. If pain occurs in the upper abdomen, problems with digestion, then help the therapist and the gastroenterologist. If the hemorrhage is excessive, the body observed multiple bruises, therapist and hematologist. Next is assigned a diagnostic study, which revealed the fact of hemorrhage. Black color stool indicates a chronic course of the disease. Upon detection of this alarming symptom, you should contact the surgeon.

What methods of treatment?

After the blood in the stomach was identified and determined the causes of its occurrence are conservative measures to stop this dangerous process. After the vote, the patient can be appointed surgery. The main component of the pathologies that may be a factor in the occurrence of hemorrhage, mean surgical treatment. If operation is not done, then the probability of relapses or more serious complications. In severe cases, intervention is immediate. Medical care also depends on the severity of the pathological condition.

Low activity means:

  • Reception of very small food, which will not damage the mucosa;
  • Injections of menadione;
  • Drugs with calcium and vitamins.

When average weight:

  • Done endoscopy for therapeutic purposes;
  • Sometimes showna blood transfusion.

At high gravity:

  • Is immediate surgical action;
  • Hospitalization in the hospital.

What is the danger of the process?

Bleeding in the stomach can lead to serious complications that threaten the patient's life. Often there may be profuse bleeding. In certain situations, the process can continue for a very long time. Even with a slight process without addressing the main factor in the future may be severe blood loss. Attempt self-treatment or the lack of it can lead to death.

Complications:

  • Hemorrhagic shock;
  • Anemia;
  • The kidney failure;
  • Multi-organ failure.

Prevention

  • Preventive measures of diseases that can lead to a condition;
  • Systematic observation of doctors for timely diagnosis of diseases;
  • Appropriate treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
  • Ulcers should take special medication prescribed by your doctor.

Interesting facts

Bleeding the digestive tract is one of the most common causes of emergency hospitalization. Today, there are over a hundred pathologies, which can lead to bleeding of the gastrointestinal tract. Approximately 75% of all States are due to ulcer formations. Hemorrhages occur in about every fifth person diagnosed with a stomach ulcer or duodenal ulcer, which was not involved in treating their illness.

Remember that without effective treatment of the pathologies that led to this phenomenon, after a lull, sooner or later it will resume again, and this is dangerous the process. Should not neglect the manifestations of symptoms indicate bleeding, it is a serious indication that you should immediately visit a doctor and start treatment.